AutoIntegrate Simple Mode Options

The 52 processing options of AutoIntegrate v1.87 test1 that are shown in simple mode.

How to read this page

Every option is listed with the name that is shown in the dialog, the internal parameter name used in JSON setup files, the value type and the default value. The name that is used in saved setups and process icons is shown as the setting name when it is different. For options whose dialog label is short or is used by several options in the same group, like High, the setting name is shown instead because it tells better which option it is. Descriptions are the tooltip texts from the script itself. Each option is tagged so you can tell at a glance whether it changes the processed image or only the way the script works.

Use the search box to find an option by name or by words in its description, and the buttons to show only the options of a certain kind. Selecting several buttons shows the options that have all of the selected tags.

38 options change processing, 14 options affect only the interface, files or logging. 2 options apply to color images and 9 options are specific to narrowband data.

Groups

Frame quality, weighting and filtering 1

SubframeSelector measurements, image weights, filter limits and outlier rejection.

OptionType / defaultDescription
ImageIntegration use ssweightProcessinguse_imageintegration_ssweightSetting name: ImageIntegration use SSWEIGHTcheckboxunchecked

Use SSWEIGHT weight keyword during ImageIntegration.

Registration, binning, drizzle and cropping 4

StarAlignment, comet alignment, binning, drizzle and cropping to the common area.

OptionType / defaultDescription
Comet alignProcessingcomet_aligncheckboxunchecked

If checked, run CometAlign process using settings in the Preprocessing / CometAlignment settings section.

For more details see the help icon in CometAlignment settings section.

Crop to common areaProcessingcrop_to_common_areacheckboxunchecked

Crop all channels to area covered by all images

Drizzle, scaleProcessinguse_drizzleSetting name: Drizzlecheckboxunchecked

Use Drizzle integration

Drizzle scale 1 does not change the image size but may help with fine details like stars in the image.

Drizzle scale 2 doubles the image resolution and may help with small details in the image.

Consider using drizzle when selecting SPCC for color calibration.

For Drizzle settings see Integration / Drizzle section.

Drizzle scaleProcessingdrizzle_scaleinteger2

Use Drizzle integration

Drizzle scale 1 does not change the image size but may help with fine details like stars in the image.

Drizzle scale 2 doubles the image resolution and may help with small details in the image.

Consider using drizzle when selecting SPCC for color calibration.

For Drizzle settings see Integration / Drizzle section.

Image integration and pixel rejection 2

ImageIntegration, normalization, rejection algorithms and FastIntegration.

OptionType / defaultDescription
Local NormalizationProcessinglocal_normalizationSetting name: Local normalizationcheckboxunchecked

Use local normalization data for ImageIntegration

For local normalization settings see section Integration / LocalNormalization

Fast integrationProcessinguse_fastintegrationSetting name: Use FastIntegrationcheckboxunchecked

If checked, use FastIntegration process instead of ImageIntegration process when integrating light images.

In Integration tab there are some settings for FastIntegration.

Gradient correction 8

When gradient correction is run, and the settings for GC, ABE, DBE, MGC and GraXpert.

OptionType / defaultDescription
Gradient correction on channel imagesProcessingMono / LRGBGC_before_channel_combinationSetting name: GC before channel combinationcheckboxunchecked

Use gradient correction on channel images (L,R,G,B,H,S,O) separately before channels are combined.

With color/OSC images this does the same thing as Gradient correction on combined images.

Gradient correction on combined imagesProcessinguse_GC_on_L_RGBSetting name: Use GC on L, RGBcheckboxunchecked

Use gradient correction on L and combined RGB images while image is still in linear mode.

Gradient correction on stretched imagesProcessinguse_GC_on_L_RGB_stretchedSetting name: Use GC on L, RGB stretchedcheckboxunchecked

Use gradient correction on L and RGB images after they have been stretched to non-linear mode.

Note that this option should not be used with GradientCorrection process.

GraXpert gradientProcessingExternal tooluse_graxpertSetting name: Use GraXpertcheckboxunchecked

Use GraXpert instead of GradientCorrection process to correct gradients in images.By default no gradient correction is done. To use GraXpert for gradient correction you need to also check one of the gradient correction options in the Settings / Image processing parameters section.

GraXpert always uses the AI background model. In the Tools / GraXpert section it is possible to set some settings.

NOTE! A path to GraXpert file must be set in the Tools / GraXpert section before it can be used.

NOTE2! You need to manually start GraXpert once to ensure that the correct AI model is loaded into your computer.

Use AutomaticBackgroundExtractorProcessinguse_abeShown in the dialog as: ABEcheckboxunchecked

Run AutomaticBackgroundExtractor (ABE) to correct gradients in images.By default no gradient correction is done. To use ABE for gradient correction you need to also check one of the gradient correction options in the Settings / Image processing parameters section.

Settings for ABE are in Postprocessing / ABE settings section.

DBEProcessinguse_dbeSetting name: Use DynamicBackgroundExtractorcheckboxunchecked

Use DynamicBackgroundExtraction (DBE) to correct gradients in images.By default no gradient correction is done. To use DBE for gradient correction you need to also check one of the gradient correction options in the Settings / Image processing parameters section.

Sample points are automatically generated for DBE. Settings for DBE are in Postprocessing / DBE settings section.

MultiscaleGradientCorrectionProcessinguse_multiscalegradientcorrectionSetting name: Use MultiscaleGradientCorrectioncheckboxunchecked

Use MultiscaleGradientCorrection instead of GradientCorrection process to correct gradients in images.By default no gradient correction is done. To use MultiscaleGradientCorrection for gradient correction you need to also check one of the gradient correction options in the Settings / Image processing parameters section.

Settings for MultiscaleGradientCorrection are in Postprocessing / Gradient correction section.

Note that you need to set up MARS database settings using the PixInsight MultiscaleGradientCorrection process before using this option.

When MultiscaleGradientCorrection is selected, image solving and SpectrophotometricFluxCalibration are run automatically for the image.

MultiscaleGradientCorrection may fail if the image is not part of the sky area in the MARS database. In that case the script reverts to another gradient correction method. If other gradient correction methods are checked then they are selected in the following order: GraXpert, ABE, DBE, GradientCorrection.

GraXpert pathProcessingExternal toolgraxpert_pathtext or list

Path to GraXpert executable.

NOTE! Parameter is automatically saved the persistent module settings. The value is automatically restored when the script starts.

Note that this parameter is not reset or saved to Json file.

Color calibration and plate solving 3

ColorCalibration, SPCC, and the image solver and target metadata they use.

OptionType / defaultDescription
Color calibration using SPCCProcessingColor imageuse_spccSetting name: Use SPCC for color calibrationcheckboxunchecked

Run color calibration using SpectrophotometricColorCalibration (SPCC). This requires image solving which is done automatically on Integration_RGB image if it is not already done.

If image does not have correct coordinates or focal length embedded they can be given in Postprocessing / Image solving section.

SPCC settings can be updated at Postprocessing / Color calibration section.

Use BackgroundNeutralizationProcessingColor imageuse_background_neutralizationSetting name: Background neutralizationcheckboxunchecked

Run BackgroundNeutralization before ColorCalibration.

By default the script tries to automatically detect an area with a true background. If it finds one, an image with name AutoBackgroundModel is created.

AutoBackgroundModel image has a preview that shows the background area.If AutoBackgroundModel image already exists then the background preview coordinates from there are used. The preview in AutoBackgroundModel image can be edited to use a different area as a background reference.

Automatic background detect can be turned off using option No auto background in Other tab.

Target typeProcessingtarget_typetext or listDefault

Give target type.

If target type is given then image stretching settings are selected automatically.

If no target type is given then current settings are used. They should work reasonably fine in many cases.

Galaxy works well when target is a lot brighter than the background.

Nebula works well when target fills the whole image or is not much brighter than the background.

When non-default target type is selected then stretching option is disabled.

Values: Default, Galaxy, Nebula, Star cluster

Stretching: linear to non-linear 1

The stretching algorithm and the settings of each stretching method.

OptionType / defaultDescription
Image stretchingProcessingimage_stretchingtext or listAuto STF
  • Auto STF - Use Auto Screen Transfer Function to stretch image to non-linear.
  • MultiscaleAdaptiveStretch - Use MultiscaleAdaptiveStretch to stretch image to non-linear.
  • Masked Stretch - Use MaskedStretch to stretch image to non-linear.
  • VeraLuxHMS - Use VeraLux Hypermetric Stretch to stretch image to non-linear.
  • Masked+Histogram Stretch - Use MaskedStretch with a Histogram Stretch prestretch to stretch image to non-linear.
  • Histogram stretch - Using a simple histogram transformation to get histogram median or peak to the target value. Works best with images that are processed with the Crop to common area option.
  • Arcsinh Stretch - Use ArcsinhStretch to stretch image to non-linear.

Select how image is stretched from linear to non-linear. For galaxies and other small but bright objects you should adjust targetBackground in Postprocessing / AutoSTF settings section to a smaller value, like 0.10 Parameters are set in Postprocessing / AutoSTF settings section. You can adjust settings in Postprocessing / MultiscaleAdaptiveStretch section. Useful when AutoSTF generates too bright images, like on some galaxies. Parameters are set in Postprocessing / Masked stretch settings section VeraLuxHMS can work well on many targets and can create saturated results. Parameters are set in Postprocessing / VeraLux HMS Stretch section Prestretch help with stars that can be too pointlike with Masked Stretch. Parameters are set in Postprocessing / Masked stretch settings and Postprocessing / Histogram stretching settings sections Parameters are set in Postprocessing / Histogram stretching settings section Can be useful when stretching stars to keep good star color. Parameters are set in Postprocessing / Arcsinh stretch settings sectionThere are also some experimental stretches.

  • Logarithmic stretch - Parameters are set in Postprocessing / Other stretching settings section
  • Asinh+Histogram stretch - Parameters are set in Postprocessing / Arcsinh stretch settings and Postprocessing / Histogram stretching settings sections
  • Square root stretch - Parameters are set in Postprocessing / Other stretching settings section
  • Shadow stretch - Parameters are set in Postprocessing / Other stretching settings section
  • Highlight stretch - Parameters are set in Postprocessing / Other stretching settings section
  • None - No stretching, mainly for generating _HT files to be used with AutoContinue.See Postprocessing / Stretching settings section for stretching specific parameters.

Note that when non-default Target type is selected then this option is disabled.

Values: Auto STF, MultiscaleAdaptiveStretch, Masked Stretch, VeraLuxHMS, Masked+Histogram Stretch, Histogram stretch, Arcsinh Stretch, Histogram direct, Logarithmic stretch, Asinh+Histogram stretch, Square root stretch, Shadow stretch, Highlight stretch, None

Noise reduction 3

When noise reduction is applied and the settings of each noise reduction tool.

OptionType / defaultDescription
GraXpert denoiseProcessingExternal tooluse_graxpert_denoiseSetting name: Use GraXpert denoisecheckboxunchecked

Use GraXpert for noise reduction.

In the Tools / GraXpert section it is possible to set some settings.

NOTE! A path to GraXpert file must be set in the Tools / GraXpert section before it can be used.

NOTE2! You need to manually start GraXpert once to ensure that the correct AI model is loaded into your computer.

NoiseXTerminatorProcessingExternal tooluse_noisexterminatorSetting name: Use NoiseXTerminatorcheckboxunchecked

Use NoiseXTerminator for noise reduction.

You can change noise reduction settings in the Postprocessing / Noise reduction section.

DeepSNRProcessingExternal tooluse_deepsnrSetting name: Use DeepSNRcheckboxunchecked

Use DeepSNR for noise reduction.

Note that with DeepSNR increasing the noise reduction strength value will decrease the noise reduction.

Sharpening and deconvolution 2

BlurXTerminator, GraXpert deconvolution and generic sharpening.

OptionType / defaultDescription
GraXpert deconvolutionProcessingExternal tooluse_graxpert_deconvolutionSetting name: Use GraXpert deconvolutioncheckboxunchecked

Use GraXpert deconvolution for stellar and non-stellar sharpening.

In the Tools / GraXpert section it is possible to set some settings.

NOTE! A path to GraXpert file must be set in the Tools / GraXpert section before it can be used.

NOTE2! You need to manually start GraXpert once to ensure that the correct AI model is loaded into your computer.

BlurXTerminatorProcessingExternal tooluse_blurxterminatorSetting name: Use BlurXTerminatorcheckboxunchecked

Use BlurXTerminator for sharpening and deconvolution.

BlurXTerminator is applied on the linear image just before it is stretched to non-linear. Enhancements option for sharpening can be used to apply BlurXTerminator on non-linear image.

Some options for BlurXTerminator can be adjusted in the Tools / BlurXTerminator section.

When using BlurXTerminator it is recommended to do noise reduction after BluxXTerminator by checking option Combined image noise reduction or Non-linear noise reduction. But it is always good to experiment what is best for your own data.

Sometimes on starless images PSF value can not be calculated. Then a manual value should be given or BlurXTerminator should not be used.

Star removal, star images and masks 2

Removing stars, creating separate star images and the masks used in processing.

OptionType / defaultDescription
StarXTerminatorProcessingExternal tooluse_starxterminatorSetting name: Use StarXTerminatorcheckboxunchecked

Use StarXTerminator to remove stars from an image.

You can change some StarXTerminator settings in the Tools / StarXTerminator section.

StarNet2ProcessingExternal tooluse_starnet2Setting name: Use StarNet2checkboxunchecked

Use StarNet2 to remove stars from an image.

Narrowband palettes and mapping 9

Narrowband channel mapping, palettes and multiple mappings.

OptionType / defaultDescription
Narrowband R mappingProcessingNarrowbandcustom_R_mappingtext or listAuto

Mapping for R channel. Use one of the predefined mappings or edit and create your own mapping.

Color palette used to map SII, Ha and OIII to R, G and B

There is a list of predefined mapping that can be used, some examples are below. For more details see the tooltip for palette combo box.

SHO - SII=R, Ha=G, OIII=B (Hubble) HOS - Ha=R, OIII=G, SII=B (CFHT) HOO - Ha=R, OIII=G, OIII=B (if there is SII it is ignored)

Mapping formulas are editable and other palettes can use any combination of channel images.

Special keywords H, S, O, R, G and B are recognized and replaced with corresponding channel image names. Otherwise these formulas are passed directly to the PixelMath process.

Option All runs all narrowband palettes in a batch mode and creates images with names Auto_+palette-name. You can use enhancements options, then also images with name Auto_+palette-name+_enh are created. Images are saved as .xisf files. Use Save batch result files buttons to save them all in a different format. To use All option all HSO filters must be available.

Values: Auto, 0.75*H + 0.25*S

Narrowband G mappingProcessingNarrowbandcustom_G_mappingtext or listAuto

Mapping for G channel. Use one of the predefined mappings or edit and create your own mapping.

Color palette used to map SII, Ha and OIII to R, G and B

There is a list of predefined mapping that can be used, some examples are below. For more details see the tooltip for palette combo box.

SHO - SII=R, Ha=G, OIII=B (Hubble) HOS - Ha=R, OIII=G, SII=B (CFHT) HOO - Ha=R, OIII=G, OIII=B (if there is SII it is ignored)

Mapping formulas are editable and other palettes can use any combination of channel images.

Special keywords H, S, O, R, G and B are recognized and replaced with corresponding channel image names. Otherwise these formulas are passed directly to the PixelMath process.

Option All runs all narrowband palettes in a batch mode and creates images with names Auto_+palette-name. You can use enhancements options, then also images with name Auto_+palette-name+_enh are created. Images are saved as .xisf files. Use Save batch result files buttons to save them all in a different format. To use All option all HSO filters must be available.

Values: Auto, 0.50*S + 0.50*O

Narrowband B mappingProcessingNarrowbandcustom_B_mappingtext or listAuto

Mapping for B channel. Use one of the predefined mappings or edit and create your own mapping.

Color palette used to map SII, Ha and OIII to R, G and B

There is a list of predefined mapping that can be used, some examples are below. For more details see the tooltip for palette combo box.

SHO - SII=R, Ha=G, OIII=B (Hubble) HOS - Ha=R, OIII=G, SII=B (CFHT) HOO - Ha=R, OIII=G, OIII=B (if there is SII it is ignored)

Mapping formulas are editable and other palettes can use any combination of channel images.

Special keywords H, S, O, R, G and B are recognized and replaced with corresponding channel image names. Otherwise these formulas are passed directly to the PixelMath process.

Option All runs all narrowband palettes in a batch mode and creates images with names Auto_+palette-name. You can use enhancements options, then also images with name Auto_+palette-name+_enh are created. Images are saved as .xisf files. Use Save batch result files buttons to save them all in a different format. To use All option all HSO filters must be available.

Values: Auto, 0.30*H + 0.70*O

Narrowband L mappingProcessingNarrowbandMono / LRGBcustom_L_mappingtext or listAuto

Mapping of Luminance channel with narrowband data if both RGB and narrowband data are available.

With empty text no mapping is done.

Values: Auto, max(L, H)

Narrowband linear fitProcessingNarrowbandnarrowband_linear_fittext or listAuto

Linear fit setting before running PixelMath to combine narrowband channel.

Auto does not use linear if Auto STF or Histogram stretch is used for stretching. Otherwise it uses Min. Min does linear fit using the channel with minimum median value as the reference image.

Max does linear fit using the channel with maximum median value as the reference image.

When a channel is selected it uses that channel as the the reference image.Other selections use linear fit with that channel image as the reference image.

Values: Auto, Min, Max, H, S, O, None

Narrowband mapping using non-linear dataProcessingNarrowbandmapping_on_nonlinear_dataSetting name: Narrowband mapping on non-linear datacheckboxunchecked

Do narrowband mapping using non-linear data. Before running PixelMath, images are stretched to non-linear state.

Force narrowband mappingProcessingNarrowbandforce_narrowband_mappingcheckboxunchecked

Force narrowband mapping using formulas given in Settings / Narrowband processing section.

Use multiple mappingsProcessingNarrowbanduse_narrowband_multiple_mappingsSetting name: Use narrowband multiple mappingscheckboxunchecked

Use multiple narrowband mappings.

Narrowband multiple mappings listProcessingNarrowbandnarrowband_multiple_mappings_listtext or list

List of narrowband palettes that are processed when the multiple mappings option is used. The list is filled from the palette selection dialog.

Saving and output files 3

Which images are saved, in what format, and where they are written.

OptionType / defaultDescription
TIFFInterfacesave_final_image_tiffSetting name: Save final image as TIFFcheckboxunchecked

Automatically save the final image also as a 16-bit TIFF image.

By default the final image is automatically saved only in XISF format.

JPGInterfacesave_final_image_jpgSetting name: Save final image as JPGcheckboxunchecked

Automatically save the final image also as a JPG image.

By default the final image is automatically saved only in XISF format.

qualityInterfacesave_final_image_jpg_qualitySetting name: Save final image as JPG qualityinteger80

Quality of the JPG image.

Run modes and partial processing 3

Running only a part of the workflow, and batch, fast and substack modes.

OptionType / defaultDescription
Calibrate onlyProcessingcalibrate_onlycheckboxunchecked

Stop after image calibration step.

Stopping after calibration could be useful if you for example want to check the quality of calibrated light files and maybe set some filtering rules.

Generate masters onlyProcessinggenerate_masters_onlySetting name: Generate master calibration files onlycheckboxunchecked

Generate master calibration files (bias, dark, flat dark, flat) from calibration files without requiring light files.

This is useful for remote telescopes where calibration files do not change often. Generated master files can later be reused with the Master files option to speed up light file processing.

Integrate onlyProcessingintegrate_onlycheckboxunchecked

Run only image integration to create integrated channel images or RGB image.

Stopping after integration could be useful is you for example want to set some exclusions areas for DBE or for finding the true background.

Interface, preview and flowchart 11

Options that change only what the script shows or remembers, not the processed image.

OptionType / defaultDescription
ResetInterfacereset_on_setup_loadSetting name: Reset on setup loadcheckboxchecked

Reset parameters to default values before loading a setup.

This ensures that only parameters from the setup file are set and user saved default parameters are not set.

Uncheck this option if you want just add parameters from the setup file to the current parameters.

Get flowchart data before processingInterfacerun_get_flowchart_dataSetting name: Run get flowchart datacheckboxunchecked

Get the full flowchart data before processing when a normal processing is done using the Run button. This makes it possible to follow progress in the complete flowchart if Show Flowchart is checked.

If this option is not checked or AutoContinue or batch processing is done, flowchart data is generated during processing.

Note that this parameter is not reset or saved to Json file.

Flowchart show processed imageInterfaceflowchart_background_imageSetting name: Flowchart background imagecheckboxchecked

If checked then the current processed image is shown in the flowchart background.

Note that this parameter is not reset or saved to Json file.

Flowchart show processing timeInterfaceflowchart_timeSetting name: Flowchart timecheckboxchecked

If checked then the operation processing time is shown in the flowchart.

Note that this parameter is not reset or saved to Json file.

Flowchart save imageInterfaceflowchart_saveimagecheckboxunchecked

If checked then the flowchart image is saved into AutoProcessed directory after processing is complete.

Note that this parameter is not reset or saved to Json file.

DirectoryInterfaceopen_directorySetting name: Open directorycheckboxunchecked

Open directory dialog instead of files dialog.

All files that match the file pattern on the right will be added as image files. Files are searched recursively from the selected directory and all subdirectories.

Selected directory is used as the default output directory.

File pattern can have multiple file types separated by space.

Directory filesInterfacedirectory_filestext or list*.fits *.fit

File pattern for files that will be added as image files.

File pattern can have multiple file types separated by space.

Show FlowchartInterfaceshow_flowchartSetting name: Show flowchartcheckboxchecked

Switch between flowchart and image view if flowchart is available.

Can be checked during processing. In that case live updates to the flowchart are shown.

If Flowchart setting Get flowchart data before processing is checked then the live flowchart view uses full processing flowchart.

Note that this parameter is not reset or saved to Json file.

AutoSTFInterfacepreview_autostfSetting name: Preview AutoSTFcheckboxchecked

When checked, a preview image during the processing is always shown in a stretched (non-linear) format. Image name on top of the preview window has text AutoSTF when image is stretched for preview.

When unchecked preview image is shown in original format.

Stretched format can be useful for visualizing the current processed image.

ResampleInterfacepreview_resampleSetting name: Preview resamplecheckboxunchecked

Use Resample process to reduce the size of preview images. The target image size can be changed in the Interface tab.

Resample will make it faster to blink through images. Only the preview image is resample, original image is not modified.

Note that resample may alter how preview image and histogram are shown during the preview.

Preview resample targetInterfacepreview_resample_targetinteger2000

Target size for preview image resample.

Note that resample may alter how preview image and histogram are shown during the preview.