AutoIntegrate Enhancement Options

Fix magenta color on stars typically seen with SHO color palette. If all green is not removed from the image then a mask use used to fix only stars.

Do not use star mask when fixing star colors

Run Starnet2 or StarXTerminator on image to generate a starless image and a separate image for the stars.

When this is selected, enhancements are applied to the starless image. Smaller stars option is run on star images.

At the end of the processing a combined image can be created from starless and star images. Combine operation can be selected from the combo box.

Possible combine operations are:

• Add - Use stars+starless formula in Pixelmath
• Screen - Similar to screen in Photoshop
• Lighten - Similar to lighten in Photoshop

Use unscreen method to get stars image as described by Russell Croman.

Unscreen method usually keeps star colors more correct than simple star removal. It is recommended to use Screen method when combining star and starless images back together.

Fix star cores by applying a slight blur to then using a star mask.

Create a combined image from starless and star images. Combine operation can be selected from the combo box. To use combine you need to have starless image selected as the target image. Stars image must be open in the desktop.

Star image is searched using the following steps:

• All occurrences of text starless replaced with text stars
• All occurrences of text starless_edit followed by a number (starless_edit[1-9]*) replaced with text stars
• Text starless at the end replaced with text stars
• Text starless and any text that follows it (starless.*) replaced with text stars
• Text starless and any text that follows it (starless.*) replaced with text stars and any text after text stars is accepted (stars.*). So starless image sameprefix_starless_whatever is matched with stars image sameprefix_stars_doesnotmatterwhatishere.Possible combine operations are:
• Add - Use stars+starless formula in Pixelmath
• Screen - Similar to screen in Photoshop
• Lighten - Similar to lighten in PhotoshopWith reduce selection it is possible to reduce stars while combining. Star reduction uses PixelMath expressions created by Bill Blanshan.

Different methods are:

None - No reduction Transfer - Method 1, Transfer method Halo - Method 2, Halo method Star - Method 3, Star method

Create a combined image from starless and star images. Combine operation can be selected from the combo box. To use combine you need to have starless image selected as the target image. Stars image must be open in the desktop.

Star image is searched using the following steps:

• All occurrences of text starless replaced with text stars
• All occurrences of text starless_edit followed by a number (starless_edit[1-9]*) replaced with text stars
• Text starless at the end replaced with text stars
• Text starless and any text that follows it (starless.*) replaced with text stars
• Text starless and any text that follows it (starless.*) replaced with text stars and any text after text stars is accepted (stars.*). So starless image sameprefix_starless_whatever is matched with stars image sameprefix_stars_doesnotmatterwhatishere.Possible combine operations are:
• Add - Use stars+starless formula in Pixelmath
• Screen - Similar to screen in Photoshop
• Lighten - Similar to lighten in PhotoshopWith reduce selection it is possible to reduce stars while combining. Star reduction uses PixelMath expressions created by Bill Blanshan.

Different methods are:

None - No reduction Transfer - Method 1, Transfer method Halo - Method 2, Halo method Star - Method 3, Star method

Values: Add, Screen, Lighten

Text Auto or empty image uses default starless image.

With reduce selection it is possible to reduce stars while combining. Star reduction uses PixelMath expressions created by Bill Blanshan.

Different methods are:

None - No reduction Transfer - Method 1, Transfer method Halo - Method 2, Halo method Star - Method 3, Star method

Values: None, Transfer, Halo, Star

To reduce stars size more with Transfer and Halo, lower S value.With reduce selection it is possible to reduce stars while combining. Star reduction uses PixelMath expressions created by Bill Blanshan.

Different methods are:

None - No reduction Transfer - Method 1, Transfer method Halo - Method 2, Halo method Star - Method 3, Star method

Star method mode; 1=Strong; 2=Moderate; 3=Soft reductions.

With reduce selection it is possible to reduce stars while combining. Star reduction uses PixelMath expressions created by Bill Blanshan.

Different methods are:

None - No reduction Transfer - Method 1, Transfer method Halo - Method 2, Halo method Star - Method 3, Star method

Run star noise reduction on star image.

Make stars smaller on image.

Number of iterations when reducing star sizes. Value zero uses Erosion instead of Morphological Selection

Apply curves adjustment to the image. Use the sliders below to set the curve points.

Adjust the tone curve applied to the image luminosity (P.K in CurvesTransformation). Positive values brighten the affected tonal range, negative values darken it. Range is -1.0 to +1.0.

Adjusts bright tones (around 75% luminosity).

Adjust the tone curve applied to the image luminosity (P.K in CurvesTransformation). Positive values brighten the affected tonal range, negative values darken it. Range is -1.0 to +1.0.

Adjusts medium-bright tones (around 62.5% luminosity).

Adjust the tone curve applied to the image luminosity (P.K in CurvesTransformation). Positive values brighten the affected tonal range, negative values darken it. Range is -1.0 to +1.0.

Adjusts medium-dark tones (around 37.5% luminosity).

Adjust the tone curve applied to the image luminosity (P.K in CurvesTransformation). Positive values brighten the affected tonal range, negative values darken it. Range is -1.0 to +1.0.

Adjusts dark tones (around 25% luminosity).

Make image background darker using a lightness mask.

Make image highlights darker using a lightness mask.

Run ExponentialTransform on image using a mask.

Order value for ExponentialTransform.

Adjust type to be used with ExponentialTransform.

Lightness mask is used to get the desired adjustment.

• Lights adjust only light parts of the image.
• Darks adjust only dark parts of the image.
• All adjust the whole image.

Values: Lights, Darks, All

Run HDRMultiscaleTransform on image using a mask.

Color option is used to select different methods to keep hue and saturation.

• Option 'None' uses HDRMLT To lightness option.
• Option 'Preserve hue' uses HDRMLT preserve hue option.
• Option 'Color corrected' uses To Intensity instead of To lightness. It applies HSI transformation to the intensity component. In PixInsight 1.8.9-1 or older it uses a method described by Russell Croman.Layers selection specifies the layers value for HDRMLT.

Run HDRMultiscaleTransform on image using a mask.

Color option is used to select different methods to keep hue and saturation.

• Option 'None' uses HDRMLT To lightness option.
• Option 'Preserve hue' uses HDRMLT preserve hue option.
• Option 'Color corrected' uses To Intensity instead of To lightness. It applies HSI transformation to the intensity component. In PixInsight 1.8.9-1 or older it uses a method described by Russell Croman.Layers selection specifies the layers value for HDRMLT.

Run HDRMultiscaleTransform on image using a mask.

Color option is used to select different methods to keep hue and saturation.

• Option 'None' uses HDRMLT To lightness option.
• Option 'Preserve hue' uses HDRMLT preserve hue option.
• Option 'Color corrected' uses To Intensity instead of To lightness. It applies HSI transformation to the intensity component. In PixInsight 1.8.9-1 or older it uses a method described by Russell Croman.Layers selection specifies the layers value for HDRMLT.

Run HDRMultiscaleTransform on image using a mask.

Color option is used to select different methods to keep hue and saturation.

• Option 'None' uses HDRMLT To lightness option.
• Option 'Preserve hue' uses HDRMLT preserve hue option.
• Option 'Color corrected' uses To Intensity instead of To lightness. It applies HSI transformation to the intensity component. In PixInsight 1.8.9-1 or older it uses a method described by Russell Croman.Layers selection specifies the layers value for HDRMLT.

Run HDRMultiscaleTransform on image using a mask.

Color option is used to select different methods to keep hue and saturation.

• Option 'None' uses HDRMLT To lightness option.
• Option 'Preserve hue' uses HDRMLT preserve hue option.
• Option 'Color corrected' uses To Intensity instead of To lightness. It applies HSI transformation to the intensity component. In PixInsight 1.8.9-1 or older it uses a method described by Russell Croman.Layers selection specifies the layers value for HDRMLT.

Values: None, Preserve hue, Color corrected

Run LocalHistogramEqualization on image using a mask.

Kernel radius value for LocalHistogramEqualization.

Contrast limit value for LocalHistogramEqualization.

With darks adjust usually you should increase the contrast limit value, for example 2.5.

Mask type to be used with LocalHistogramEqualization.

Lightness mask is used to get the desired adjustment.

• Lights adjust only light parts of the image.
• Darks adjust only dark parts of the image.
• All adjust the whole image.With darks adjust usually you should increase the contrast limit value, for example 2.5.

Values: Lights, Darks, All

Run slight S shape curves transformation on image to add contrast.

Number of iterations for contrast enhancement

Do automatic contrast enhancement. Works best with starless image.

Percentage of clipped low pixels.

Percentage of preserved high pixels.

Apply auto contrast separately for each channel.

Run automatic stretch on image. Can be helpful in some rare cases but it is most useful on testing stretching settings with Apply button.

Run unlinked AutoSTF stretch on image. Can be helpful in balancing image.

Adjust shadows in the image. Adjust percentage tells how much shadow pixels are clipped.

With a value of 0, no shadow pixels are clipped but histogram, is moved to the left.

You can use the Enhnacements / Misc options clipped tool to see clipped pixels.

Adjust shadows in the image. Adjust percentage tells how much shadow pixels are clipped.

With a value of 0, no shadow pixels are clipped but histogram, is moved to the left.

You can use the Enhnacements / Misc options clipped tool to see clipped pixels.

Enhance shadows by using log on each pixel.

Enhance highlights by using exp on each pixel.

Apply gamma correction to the image.

Value below 1 will make the image lighter. Value above 1 will make image darker.

Apply gamma correction to the image.

Value below 1 will make the image lighter. Value above 1 will make image darker.

Use dynamic Foraxx palette on image.

Foraxx mapping can be done on a SHO or HOO image. Channels are extracted from the SHO or HOO image and mapped again to create a dynamic Foraxx palette image.

After Foraxx SHO mapping Remove green cast and Orange/blue colors are run for the image.

To run basic Foraxx SHO mapping use SHO mapping and select Dynamic SHO.

To run Foraxx palette during the normal processing you need to select Dynamic narrowband palette like Dynamic SHO and check the option Narrowband mapping using non-linear data.

Foraxx and Dynamic palettes, credit https://thecoldestnights.com/2020/06/PixInsight-dynamic-narrowband-combinations-with-pixelmath/

Use dynamic Foraxx palette on image.

Foraxx mapping can be done on a SHO or HOO image. Channels are extracted from the SHO or HOO image and mapped again to create a dynamic Foraxx palette image.

After Foraxx SHO mapping Remove green cast and Orange/blue colors are run for the image.

To run basic Foraxx SHO mapping use SHO mapping and select Dynamic SHO.

To run Foraxx palette during the normal processing you need to select Dynamic narrowband palette like Dynamic SHO and check the option Narrowband mapping using non-linear data.

Foraxx and Dynamic palettes, credit https://thecoldestnights.com/2020/06/PixInsight-dynamic-narrowband-combinations-with-pixelmath/

Values: SHO, HOO

Map source narrowband image to a new narrowband palette.

Mapping can be done only on SHO or HOO images. Channels are extracted from the SHO or HOO image and mapped again to create a new palette image.

Map source narrowband image to a new narrowband palette.

Mapping can be done only on SHO or HOO images. Channels are extracted from the SHO or HOO image and mapped again to create a new palette image.

Values: SHO, HOO

Map source narrowband image to a new narrowband palette.

Mapping can be done only on SHO or HOO images. Channels are extracted from the SHO or HOO image and mapped again to create a new palette image.

Values: HOS, HSO, OHS, HOO, Pseudo RGB, Natural HOO, 3-channel HOO, Dynamic SHO, Dynamic HOO, HOO Helix, HSO Mix 1, HSO Mix 2, HSO Mix 3, HSO Mix 4, L-eXtreme SHO

Enhance image by shifting red colors more to orange and enhancing blues. Useful for example with Foraxx palette.

Do hue shift to enhance orange color. Useful with SHO color palette.

Do hue shift to enhance HSO colors. Useful with SHO color palette.

Enhance colors.

Ready made preset for the selective color adjustments. Currently available presets are None and Gold and Blue.

Values: None, Gold and Blue

Selective color adjustment values. The values are set in the Selective color dialog and saved with the setup, they are not edited directly.

Leave some green color on image when running SCNR. Useful with SHO color palette.

Amount value 0 keeps all the green, value 1 removes all green.

Run SCNR to remove green cast. Useful with SHO color palette.

Remove magenta color from image.

Normalize black point and brightness on all channels based on a reference channel.Can be useful for example on narrowband images where Halpha data (typically on channel B) is much stronger than S or O.Normalization uses similar PixelMath expressions as Bill Blanshan in his Narrowband Normalization using Pixnsight Pixelmath script. See more information in his YouTube channel AnotherAstroChannel.

Reference channel for normalization.Normalize black point and brightness on all channels based on a reference channel.Can be useful for example on narrowband images where Halpha data (typically on channel B) is much stronger than S or O.Normalization uses similar PixelMath expressions as Bill Blanshan in his Narrowband Normalization using Pixnsight Pixelmath script. See more information in his YouTube channel AnotherAstroChannel.

Values: R, G, B

Use a lightness mask when normalizing. It can help to avoid overstretching dark parts of the image.

Normalize black point and brightness on all channels based on a reference channel.Can be useful for example on narrowband images where Halpha data (typically on channel B) is much stronger than S or O.Normalization uses similar PixelMath expressions as Bill Blanshan in his Narrowband Normalization using Pixnsight Pixelmath script. See more information in his YouTube channel AnotherAstroChannel.

Rescales the image to [0, 1] during PixelMath operation. Can be useful if there is clipping in normalization.

Normalize black point and brightness on all channels based on a reference channel.Can be useful for example on narrowband images where Halpha data (typically on channel B) is much stronger than S or O.Normalization uses similar PixelMath expressions as Bill Blanshan in his Narrowband Normalization using Pixnsight Pixelmath script. See more information in his YouTube channel AnotherAstroChannel.

Adjust channels in PixelMath by multiplying them with a given value.

If option Only K is checked then value R/K is used to adjust the whole image.

Adjust channels in PixelMath by multiplying them with a given value.

If option Only K is checked then value R/K is used to adjust the whole image.

Adjust channels in PixelMath by multiplying them with a given value.

If option Only K is checked then value R/K is used to adjust the whole image.

Adjust channels in PixelMath by multiplying them with a given value.

If option Only K is checked then value R/K is used to adjust the whole image.

Adjust channels in PixelMath by multiplying them with a given value.

If option Only K is checked then value R/K is used to adjust the whole image.

Add saturation to the image using a luminance mask.

Number of iterations specifies how many times add saturation is run.

Add saturation to the image using a luminance mask.

Number of iterations specifies how many times add saturation is run.

If checked saturation is reduced instead of increased.

Run ColorCalibration on image.

Run Ha to RGB mapping on the image.

Integratrion_H, Integration_H_crop or Integration_H_enhanced image must be loaded to the desktop.

Enhance highlight colors by multiplying the image using a lightness mask. This improves colors in bright areas of the image.

Noise reduction on image.

AI based noise reduction using NoiseXTerminator, GraXpert denoise or DeepSNR do not use a mask.

Default noise reduction using MultiscaleLinerTransform is done using a luminance mask to target noise reduction on darker areas of the image.

Run ACDNR noise reduction on image using a lightness mask.

StdDev value is taken from Processing1 / noise reduction section.

A mild ACDNR noise reduction with StdDev value between 1.0 and 2.0 can be useful to smooth image and reduce black spots left from previous noise reduction.

Run color noise reduction on image.

Sharpening on image using a luminance mask.

Number of iterations specifies how many times the sharpening is run.

If BlurXTerminator or GraXpert is used for sharpening then iterations parameter is ignored.

Sharpening on image using a luminance mask.

Number of iterations specifies how many times the sharpening is run.

If BlurXTerminator or GraXpert is used for sharpening then iterations parameter is ignored.

Sharpen image using UnsharpMask and a luminance mask.

Sharpen image using UnsharpMask and a luminance mask.

Sharpen image using UnsharpMask and a luminance mask.

Sharpen image using high pass filter and a luminance mask.

High pass sharpen should be used only for starless images.

High pass sharpen type to sharpen the high pass image before combining it back to original image.

• Option 'Default' uses MultiscaleLinearTransform sharpening on high pass image. See below for settings.
• Option 'MLT' uses MultiscaleLinearTransform sharpening on high pass image. Settings for iterations are taken from the Enhancements / Generic enhancements section Sharpening options.
• Option 'UnsharpMask' uses UnsharpMask on a high pass image. Settings are taken from the Generic enhancements section.
• Option 'BlurXTerminator' uses BlurXTerminator on a high pass image. Settings are taken from the Tools / BlurXTerminator section.

Values: Default, MLT, UnsharpMask, BlurXTerminator, None

Number of layers used to blur the original image.

Do not delete low pass and high pass images.

Combine only high pass sharpened image with low pass image. Image is assumed to have a _lowpass or _highpass postfix.

Do noise reduction on high pass image before sharpening.

Add clarity to the image using a luminance mask. Clarity is a local contrast enhancement.

Clarity uses UnsharpMask process where stddev should be large and amount should be small.

If a mask is used then clarity is applied only to the light parts of the image.

Add clarity to the image using a luminance mask. Clarity is a local contrast enhancement.

Clarity uses UnsharpMask process where stddev should be large and amount should be small.

If a mask is used then clarity is applied only to the light parts of the image.

Add clarity to the image using a luminance mask. Clarity is a local contrast enhancement.

Clarity uses UnsharpMask process where stddev should be large and amount should be small.

If a mask is used then clarity is applied only to the light parts of the image.

Add clarity to the image using a luminance mask. Clarity is a local contrast enhancement.

Clarity uses UnsharpMask process where stddev should be large and amount should be small.

If a mask is used then clarity is applied only to the light parts of the image.

Run background neutralization to the image.

Do gradient correction to the image using the selected gradient correction method.

Gradient correction method to be used.

Values: Auto, ABE, DBE, GradientCorrection, GraXpert

Run banding reduction on the image.

Add signature to the image.

Path to signature file.

Scale for signature image. Scale is the signature file height in percentages relative to the main image. For example scale 10 means that the signature file height will be 10% of the main image height. Value zero means no scaling.

Signature position.

Values: Top left, Top middle, Top right, Bottom left, Bottom middle, Bottom right

Smoothen background below a given pixel value. Pixel value can be found for example from the preview image using a mouse.

A limit value specifies below which the smoothing is done. The value should be selected so that no foreground data is lost.

Smoothing sets a new relative value for pixels that are below the given limit value. If the factor is below 1, new pixel values will be higher than the old values. If factor is above 1, new pixel values will be lower than the old values.

With a factor value below 1, smoothening can help gradient correction to clean up the background better in case of very uneven background.

With a factor value above 1, smoothening can make dark parts of the image darker.

Smoothen background below a given pixel value. Pixel value can be found for example from the preview image using a mouse.

A limit value specifies below which the smoothing is done. The value should be selected so that no foreground data is lost.

Smoothing sets a new relative value for pixels that are below the given limit value. If the factor is below 1, new pixel values will be higher than the old values. If factor is above 1, new pixel values will be lower than the old values.

With a factor value below 1, smoothening can help gradient correction to clean up the background better in case of very uneven background.

With a factor value above 1, smoothening can make dark parts of the image darker.

Smoothen background below a given pixel value. Pixel value can be found for example from the preview image using a mouse.

A limit value specifies below which the smoothing is done. The value should be selected so that no foreground data is lost.

Smoothing sets a new relative value for pixels that are below the given limit value. If the factor is below 1, new pixel values will be higher than the old values. If factor is above 1, new pixel values will be lower than the old values.

With a factor value below 1, smoothening can help gradient correction to clean up the background better in case of very uneven background.

With a factor value above 1, smoothening can make dark parts of the image darker.

Do not use existing mask but create a new luminance or star mask when needed.

Use a user created range mask. It is used as is, it is not for example inverted.

White selects, black protects.

Note that this option overwrites any adjust settings selected for an option.

If using Apply button, uncheck options when they are applied.

Do not make a copy of the image for Apply.

Rotate the image in clockwise direction.

Rotate the image in clockwise direction.

Values: 90, 180, -90

Solve image by running ImageSolver script.

If image does not have correct coordinates or focal length embedded they can be given in Postprocessing / Image solving section.

Use AnnotateImage script to annotate image.

Note that image must have a correct astrometric solution embedded for annotate to work. When using SPCC color calibration astrometric solution is automatically added.

When used with the Run or AutoContinue button a new image with _Annotated postfix is created.

Graphics scale for AnnotateImage script.